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Difference between revisions of "Entity"

From Bioblast
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{{MitoPedia
{{MitoPedia
|abbr=''U''<sub>''X''</sub> [x]
|abbr=''X''
|description=A unit-entity ''U''<sub>''X''</sub> [x] of elementary '''entity''' type ''X'' is a ''single'' countable object (''X'' = molecules, cells, organisms, particles, parties) or a single countable event (''X'' = beats, collisions, emissions, decays, celestial cycles, instances, occurences, parties). "An elementary entity may be an atom, a molecule, an ion, an electron, any other particle or specified group of particles" ([[Bureau International des Poids et Mesures 2019 The International System of Units (SI) |Bureau International des Poids et Mesures 2019)]].
|description=An '''entity''' of type ''X'' is something that can measured as an [[extensive quantity]] or counted as an [[elementary entity]]. The term entity with symbol ''X'', therefore, has a general meaning, including but not limited to elementary entities ''U''<sub>''X''</sub>. The distinction can be emphasized by using the term entity-type ''X'', to avoid confusion of an entity ''X'' with the more restricted definition of elementary entity ''U''<sub>''X''</sub> as a ''single'' countable object or event. Β 


If an object is defined as an assembly of particles (a party of two, a molecule as the assembly of a stoichiometric number of atoms), then the entity is the assembly but not the assembled particle. A number of defined elementary units ''U''<sub>''X''</sub> is a [[count]], ''N''<sub>''X''</sub> = ''N''Β·''U''<sub>''X''</sub> [x], where ''N'' is only a number and as such ''N'' is dimensionless. The elementary unit ''U''<sub>''X''</sub> has the [[dimension]] U of the [[count]] ''N''<sub>''X''</sub>. The elementary unit ''U''<sub>''X''</sub> has the same unit [x] as the count ''N''<sub>''X''</sub>, or more accurately it gives the count the defining 'counting-unit' [x]. From the definition of count as the number (''N'') of elementary units (''U'') of entity type ''X'', it follows that count divided by elementary unit is simply a number, ''N'' = ''N''<sub>''X''</sub>Β·''U''<sub>''X''</sub><sup>-1</sup>. The unit ''u''<sub>''N''</sub> of a count can neither be the entity ''X'' nor a number. The elementary entity type ''X'' defines the identity ''X'' of the elementary unit ''U''<sub>''X''</sub> with the unit 'counting-unit' with symbol [x]. Since a count ''N''<sub>''X''</sub> is the number of unit-entities, the unit-entity ''U''<sub>''X''</sub> is not a count (''U''<sub>''X''</sub>; it is not identical with ''N''Β·''U''<sub>''X''</sub>).
|info=[[BEC2020.1 doi10.26124bec2020-0001.v1]]
|info=[[BEC2020.1 doi10.26124bec2020-0001.v1]]
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__TOC__
Β  Communicated by [[Gnaiger Erich]] (2020-05-20) last update 2020-07-06
Β  Communicated by [[Gnaiger Erich]] (2020-05-20) last update 2020-07-11
Β  in: Anastrophe ''XX'' [[MitoFit_2020.4.v0#Anastrophe_XX:_Entity_X_and_the_elementary_unit_.5Bx.5D |'''Entity ''X'' and the elementary unit x''']] of '''A ''X''-mass Carol'''
Β  in: Anastrophe ''XX'' [[MitoFit_2020.4.v0#Anastrophe_XX:_Entity_X_and_the_elementary_unit_.5Bx.5D |'''Entity ''X'' and the elementary unit x''']] of '''A ''X''-mass Carol'''
[[File:NUCE-kaleidoscope.jpg|right|360px|link=Number#Does_a_number_make_sense.3F]]
== Elementary entity-type, unit-entity, and elementary unit ==
:::: In Euclid's ''Elements'' (Book VII) a "unit" is defined as 'a single individual thing'. Take 'individual thing' as equal to ''elementary entity''. Then we see in Euclid's definition a kaleidoscopic imaging of '''N'''umber, '''U'''nit, '''C'''ount, '''E'''ntity β€” NUCE (''in nuce''), which remains a CASE to this day (CASE represents the '''C'''ounting-'''Assembling'''-'''S'''orting '''E'''xperience).Β  Β 
:::: Entity-type ''X'' is distinguished from unit-entity ''U''<sub>''X''</sub>. Dual-message code may lead to misunderstanding depending on context. For example, ''X'' = ce in 'cell mass' is normally understood as meaning "the mass of all entities of entity-type ce in a sample", ''m''<sub>ce</sub> [kg]. In contrast, ''X'' = <span style="color:red">body</span> in the context of [[body mass]] and body mass index (BMI) is used in dual-message code, ''m''<sub><span style="color:red">body</span></sub>. <span style="color:red">Body</span> mass with dual-message code means the mass of all entities of entity-type human body, ''m''<sub>body</sub> [kg], divided by the number of bodies, ''N''<sub>body</sub>, which leads to the explicit canonical expression ''M''<sub>''U''<sub>body</sub></sub> = ''m''<sub>body</sub>Β·''N''<sub>body</sub><sup>-1</sup>.
::::* Colour code: Colour <span style="color:red">red</span> may be used in <span style="color:red">''X''</span>, indicating that the term <span style="color:red">entity</span> or symbol <span style="color:red">''X''</span> are used in dual-message code, meaning both entity-type and unit-entity. When specifying "single entity ''X''" it is sufficiently clear that ''X'' is used in dual-message mode, and the term "number of ''X''" is equally clear to meaning "number of unit-entities ''X''", ''N''<sub>''X''</sub> = ''N''Β·''U''<sub>''X''</sub><sup>-1</sup>. Similarly, in the term "O<sub>2</sub> flow per <span style="color:red">cell</span>" ''I''<sub>O<sub>2</sub>/<span style="color:red">ce</span></sub>" it is sufficiently clear that <span style="color:red">ce</span> is used in in dual-message code.
== Base quantities and count ==
::::{{Template:Base quantities and count}}


== References ==
== References ==
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{{Keywords: SI base units}}


{{MitoPedia concepts
{{MitoPedia concepts
|mitopedia concept=Ergodynamics
|mitopedia concept=Ergodynamics
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Revision as of 12:38, 11 July 2020


high-resolution terminology - matching measurements at high-resolution


Entity

Description

An entity of type X is something that can measured as an extensive quantity or counted as an elementary entity. The term entity with symbol X, therefore, has a general meaning, including but not limited to elementary entities UX. The distinction can be emphasized by using the term entity-type X, to avoid confusion of an entity X with the more restricted definition of elementary entity UX as a single countable object or event.

Abbreviation: X

Reference: BEC2020.1 doi10.26124bec2020-0001.v1

Communicated by Gnaiger Erich (2020-05-20) last update 2020-07-11
in: Anastrophe XX Entity X and the elementary unit x of A X-mass Carol

References

Bioblast linkReferenceYear
Gnaiger E (2020) Mitochondrial pathways and respiratory control. An introduction to OXPHOS analysis. 5th ed. Bioenerg Commun 2020.2. https://doi.org/10.26124/bec:2020-00022020
Gnaiger E (2021) The elementary unit β€” canonical reviewer's comments on: Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (2019) The International System of Units (SI) 9th ed. https://doi.org/10.26124/mitofit:200004.v22021
Gnaiger E et al ― MitoEAGLE Task Group (2020) Mitochondrial physiology. Bioenerg Commun 2020.1. https://doi.org/10.26124/bec:2020-0001.v12020


MitoPedia concepts: Ergodynamics