From Bioblast
Description
Cutoff points for body mass excess or BME cutoff points define the critical values for underweight, overweight, obesity and various degrees of obesity. BME cutoffs are calibrated by crossover-points of established BMI cutoffs. The underweight and severe underweight cutoff points are BME = -0.1 and -0.2. The overweight cutoff is BME = 0.2. Increasing degrees of obesity are defined by BME cutoffs of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and above.
Abbreviation: BME cutoff
Reference: Body mass excess
Work in progress by Gnaiger E 2020-01-19 linked to a preprint in preparation on body mass excess, BME.
From BMI to BME
Four allometric phases
- The healthy reference population, HRP, is characterized by three allometric phases in childhood to early adolescence (up to 1.26 m height), and a final phase with an exponent of 2.867 (=1/0.35) at heights above 1.26 m, equal in women and men (Fig. 1; green line for M° at BME=0).
- Figure 1: Figure 1: Four phases of the allometric relationship between body mass, M°, and height, H, in the healthy reference population (HRP), and shift of M at body mass excess, BME, indicating underweight (BME = -0.2 and -0.1) or overweight (BME = 0.2) and increasing degrees of obesity (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, ..). Compared to the HRP (full lines), the body mass index, BMI, assumes a more shallow increase of M with H (dashed lines). The cutoff-crossover point between body mass at BMI=20 kg·m-2 (normal) and BME=0.0 is at 1.7 m (green circle). The cutoff-crossover point between body mass at BMI=25 kg·m-2 (overweight) and BME=0.2 is at 1.79 m (orange circle). The cutoff-crossover point between body mass at BMI=30 kg·m-2 (obese) and BME=0.4 is at 1.84 m (red circle). For body mass at BMI=35 and 40, the corresponding cutoff-crossover points with body mass at BME=0.6 and 0.8 are at 1.89 m and 1.92 m (not shown). For body mass at BMI=18.5 (underweight) and 16 (severe underweight), the corresponding cutoff-crossover points with body mass at BME=-0.1 and -0.2 are at 1.76 m and 1.70 m, respectively. At 1.49 m the precision BMI of 25 does not indicate overweight but obesity (crossover between body mass at BMI=25 and BME=0.4; 1.4M°; vertical arrow upwards). This explains the downwards shift of BMI cutoff-points in Asian populations. At 1.92 m the precision BMI of 20 indicates underweight (crossover between BMI=20 and BME=-0.1; 0.9M°; vertical arrow downwards).
Precision BMI cutoffs
- Figure 2: Comparison of fixed BMI cutoffs (dashed horizonal lines at BMI 16, 18.5, 20, 25, 30 and 35) and precision BMI cutoffs, BMIx (at BME from -0.2 to +1.0; the numbers x indicate the precision BMIx-cutoff lines), as a function of height in the four phases of the allometric relationship.
- The fixed BMI cutoffs at BMI 18.5 kg·m-2 for underweight, or 25 and 30 kg·m-2 for overweight and obese, do not support a general categorization from children to adults, for women and men, or different ethnic groups. The BME concept resolves these limitations. The BME cutoff is -0.1 for underweight. BME cutoffs are 0.2 and 0.4 for overweight and obese for a large range of ethnic groups including white Caucasians, Black Americans and Asians (Inuit are an exception). Differences in height between Caucasians and Asians explain the limitations of fixed BMI cutoffs. The BME-concept rationalizes the necessary adjustments in the BMI cutoffs for Asians, and thus presents precision BMI-cutoffs (Fig. 2).
MitoPedia: BME
References
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