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Pesta 2019 MiP2019

From Bioblast
Dominik Pesta
Effects of physical activity and low calorie diet lifestyle interventions on insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes.

Link: MiP2019

Pesta D (2019)

Event: MiP2019

COST Action MitoEAGLE

Lifestyle modifications using caloric restriction and regular physical activity (PA) remain the first line treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Controlled trials show that significant weight loss can even result in remission of T2D. Current endeavors emphasize face-to-face training and behavioral change programs, thereby limiting larger-scale use with patients. We investigated the effects of a digital education and behavioral change program over 12 weeks in combination with a real food-based low calorie diet on metabolic control, insulin sensitivity, liver fat content and fibrosis in patients with T2D. Our approach results in reduction of body weight, liver fat and degree of fibrosis along with improved insulin sensitivity and glycemic control.

Increasing habitual PA lowers the risk of diabetes and could therefore represent an attractive alternative for diabetes patients for improving insulin sensitivity. An impaired response to the beneficial effects of PA may not only result from acquired, but also from inherited factors. We show that the A allele of the NDUFB6 rs540467 SNP in this gene, encoding a mitochondrial complex I subunit, at least partly contributes to this specific non-response as it possibly modulates the effect of habitual PA on insulin sensitivity in individuals with T2D. Silencing of NDUFB6 in a myotube cell model not only affects complex I-mediated mitochondrial respiration, but raises ROS emission, which associates with impaired insulin signaling. Thus, a relevant gene-environment interaction for one single SNP involved in muscle energy metabolism in T2D most likely affects mitochondrial function under exercising conditions.


Bioblast editor: Plangger M, Tindle-Solomon L


Labels: MiParea: nDNA;cell genetics, Exercise physiology;nutrition;life style  Pathology: Diabetes 







Affiliations

Inst Clinical Diabetology Leibniz Center Diabetes Research Heinrich-Heine Univ Düsseldorf, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf
German Center Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg; Germany. - [email protected]